Hooker Winghead Herb

Chinese
益寿草
Pinyin
Yi Shou Cao
Latin
Herba Pterocephali
Botanical illustration of Hooker Winghead Herb, Bassecoia hookeri, showing habit, leaves, flower heads, fruit, root, and diagnostic plant details.
Botanical plate by Kodi . View print →

Known in TCM as Yi Shou Cao (益寿草), this bitter, cool herb enters the Liver and Large Intestine. Traditionally, it clears Heat and resolves toxicity, most often applied for rheumatoid arthritis, joint pain, and dysentery. Modern research has identified Bis-iridoids among its active constituents.

Part used: Whole herb

Also Known As

Pterocephali

Latin: Herba Pterocephali | Pinyin: Yi Shou Cao | Chinese: 益寿草

TCM Properties

Taste
bitter
Temperature
cool
Channels
Liver, Large Intestine

Traditional Use

Primary Actions

  • Clears Heat and resolves toxicity
  • Dispels Wind-Dampness and relieves Bi syndrome pain
  • Stops dysentery and resolves intestinal heat
  • Eliminates pestilential toxin

Secondary Actions

  • Neuroprotective … Tibetan use for conditions of mental confusion and cognitive decline
  • Anti-rheumatic for chronic wind-damp joint disorders

Classical References

  • Tibetan Pharmacopoeia: known as Bang-zi-du-wu (邦子都乌); one of the core herbs of traditional Tibetan medicine used for treating cold disorders, pain, plague-type febrile illness, and arthritis
  • Chinese Pharmacopoeia (1977): adopted under the formal Chinese name 益寿草 (Yi Shou Cao, Longevity Herb); note … stub data listed pinyin as 'Tu Ku Shen' (土苦参), a name associated with Sophora species; corrected to Yi Shou Cao per pharmacopoeia and PMC review (PMC9038101)

Modern Research

Active Compounds

  • Bis-iridoids (principal bioactives; ~33 compounds including sweroside, loganin, sylvestroside I, cantleyoside)
  • Seco-iridoid glycosides
  • Iridoid oligomers
  • Lignans and phenylpropanoids (19 compounds)
  • Oleanane- and ursane-type triterpenoids (18 compounds)
  • Flavonoids

Studied Effects

  • Anti-arthritic: total glycosides reduced paw swelling by 38% and arthritis scores by 25.3% in rat CIA model; mechanism involves NF-κB p65 suppression (33–78% reduction) and reduction of oxidative stress markers MDA and NO (PMID 27937009)
  • Anti-inflammatory and analgesic: standardised bis-iridoid extract showed significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity in multiple animal models via COX-2 inhibition; peripheral analgesic action predominant (PMID 29410154)
  • Comprehensive review of 93 identified compounds confirms anti-rheumatoid arthritis, anticancer (hepatocellular carcinoma), and neuroprotective (dopaminergic neuron protection) pharmacological profile (PMID 35478563)

PubMed References

Safety & Interactions

Contraindications

  • Cold-Damp Bi syndrome without Heat signs
  • Spleen-Stomach Deficiency Cold

Cautions

  • Standard dose 9–15g decoction
  • Hepatotoxicity reported with n-butanol extract in animal studies: elevated ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin via inflammatory and necrotic pathways … avoid concentrated alcohol extracts; decoction use under practitioner supervision
  • Primarily a Tibetan minority medicine; limited long-term clinical data for Han Chinese population

Conditions

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Hooker Winghead Herb used for?

Hooker Winghead Herb is traditionally used to Clears Heat and resolves toxicity, Dispels Wind-Dampness and relieves Bi syndrome pain, Stops dysentery and resolves intestinal heat, Eliminates pestilential toxin. Research has investigated its effects on: Anti-arthritic: total glycosides reduced paw swelling by 38% and arthritis scores by 25.3% in rat CIA model; mechanism involves NF-κB p65 suppression (33–78% reduction) and reduction of oxidative stress markers MDA and NO (PMID 27937009); Anti-inflammatory and analgesic: standardised bis-iridoid extract showed significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity in multiple animal models via COX-2 inhibition; peripheral analgesic action predominant (PMID 29410154).

What are other names for Hooker Winghead Herb?

Hooker Winghead Herb is also known as Pterocephali. In TCM: 益寿草 (Yi Shou Cao); Herba Pterocephali.

Is Hooker Winghead Herb safe during pregnancy?

The safety of Hooker Winghead Herb during pregnancy has not been established. Consult a qualified healthcare provider before use.

What are the contraindications for Hooker Winghead Herb?

Hooker Winghead Herb should not be used in: Cold-Damp Bi syndrome without Heat signs; Spleen-Stomach Deficiency Cold. Consult a qualified practitioner before use.