Bark of Shrubalthea

Chinese
木槿皮
Pinyin
Mu Jin Pi
Latin
Cortex Hibisci

TCM Properties

Taste
bitter, sweet
Temperature
cool
Channels
Large Intestine, Liver, Spleen

Traditional Use

Primary Actions

  • Clears damp-heat from the intestines - used for dysenteric diarrhea and lingering damp-heat bowel disorders when heat, mucus, and tenesmus are present but a harsh purgative is unnecessary.
  • Kills parasites and relieves itching - a classic choice for scabies, tinea, vaginal itching, and damp skin lesions, especially when used externally as a wash or soak.
  • Dries dampness and addresses lower-burner discharge - used for leukorrhea and genital itching when damp-heat creates irritating secretions or localized inflammation.
  • Resolves hemorrhoidal or perineal damp-heat irritation - later practice extends Mu Jin Pi to hot, swollen, itchy lesions around the anal or vulvar region.

Secondary Actions

  • External use is especially important in this herb's tradition, and many regional prescriptions rely on decocted washes rather than internal use alone.
  • Compared with more famous heat-clearing antipruritics such as Ku Shen, Mu Jin Pi is often chosen when dampness, itching, and bowel heat overlap.

Classic Formulas

  • Mu Jin Pi wash preparations (木槿皮洗方) - traditional decocted washes for scabies, damp itching, tinea, and genital irritation, often combined with other bitter antipruritic herbs.
  • Regional damp-heat intestinal prescriptions combine Mu Jin Pi with Qin Pi, Huang Bai, or Ku Shen for dysentery and leukorrhea rather than relying on one universally canonical early formula.
  • Later folk prescriptions also use powdered or wine-processed bark externally for hemorrhoids, itching skin eruptions, and chronic moist lesions.

Classical References

  • Later materia medica and teaching compendia describe Mu Jin Pi as a cool, bitter-sweet bark that kills parasites, stops itching, and clears damp-heat from both the intestines and lower burner.
  • The herb is more prominent in regional and practical dermatologic-gynecologic tradition than in the earliest Shang Han Lun formula canon, which explains the relative scarcity of famous named classical prescriptions.
  • Traditional usage repeatedly stresses the value of external washing methods, especially for fungal, parasitic, or moist itching lesions.

Modern Research

Active Compounds

  • Nonanoic acid (fatty acid) - isolated from root bark as an antifungal constituent relevant to the herb's traditional topical use
  • Azelaic acid or nonanedioic acid (dicarboxylic acid) - part of the fatty-acid-rich fraction associated with anti-inflammatory skin effects
  • Betulin (triterpenoid) - identified in bark studies and linked with anti-inflammatory and wound-supportive activity
  • Erythrotriol (triterpenoid alcohol) - contributes to the triterpenoid profile of the bark
  • Lignan glycosides and phenolic constituents - support antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in broader Hibiscus bark research

Studied Effects

  • Classical bark chemistry studies identified betulin, erythrotriol, and related constituents from Hibiscus syriacus bark, establishing a defined phytochemical basis for the crude drug (PMID 8323683)
  • Nonanoic acid isolated from Hibiscus syriacus root bark showed antifungal activity, directly supporting the traditional topical use of Mu Jin Pi for fungal and itching skin disease (PMID 22870060)
  • A fatty-acid-rich fraction of Hibiscus syriacus alleviated atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by reducing inflammatory and barrier-disrupting signals in experimental models (PMID 40805794)
  • Taken together, modern data fit the traditional emphasis on topical anti-inflammatory and antipruritic application better than on heavy systemic use.

PubMed References

Safety & Interactions

Contraindications

  • Spleen and Stomach deficiency-cold without damp-heat signs
  • Dry, non-itching skin conditions without fungal, parasitic, or damp components

Cautions

  • Internal use is usually secondary to topical or short-course treatment and can be overly cooling for weak digestive patients if used casually
  • When used externally, avoid highly abraded skin unless the preparation has been properly diluted and tolerated
  • MSK page not found - drug interaction data not available from Memorial Sloan Kettering integrative medicine database

Conditions