Contraindicated / High risk. Use only under practitioner supervision.
TCM Properties
- Taste
- bitter, acrid
- Temperature
- warm
- Channels
- Heart, Liver, Stomach, Large Intestine
Traditional Use
Primary Actions
- Relieves spasm and alleviates pain - used mainly for gastrointestinal, biliary, and other smooth-muscle cramping patterns where urgent antispasmodic action is needed rather than long-term constitutional treatment.
- Restrains excessive secretions - applied for salivation, hypersecretory digestive states, and related nausea-vomiting patterns when anticholinergic drying is therapeutically desired.
- Targets ulcer-related and colicky pain - modern Chinese use centers on gastric or duodenal ulcer discomfort, abdominal spasm, and cholecystalgia rather than broad classical pattern treatment.
- Functions chiefly through prepared products - Dian Qie Cao is most often prescribed as extract, tincture, or tablet because the raw herb is strongly toxic and requires precise dosing.
Secondary Actions
- Unlike most long-established Chinese materia medica entries, Dian Qie Cao is a comparatively modern toxic pharmacopoeial import derived from European belladonna and integrated into Chinese drug manufacturing practice.
- Its role in current use is narrower and more pharmaceutical than typical decoction herbs, with standardized preparations favored over loose raw-herb dispensing.
Classic Formulas
- Dian Qie Ding (颠茄酊) - belladonna tincture prepared from the herb for smooth-muscle spasm and secretion control, representing a classic manufactured dosage form rather than a decoction formula.
- Fu Fang Dian Qie Pian (复方颠茄片) - compound belladonna tablets used in modern Chinese practice for gastrointestinal spasm, ulcer-associated discomfort, and secretion reduction.
Classical References
- TCM Wiki summarizes Dian Qie Cao's core actions as calming spasm to relieve pain and restraining secretion, with indications including nausea, vomiting, cholecystalgia, salivation, and gastric or duodenal ulcer.
- Chinese pharmacopoeia-oriented summaries describe the herb as slightly bitter and acrid, warm, and toxic, and emphasize that it is used sparingly in raw-prescription practice because measured alkaloid preparations are safer and more practical.
- IMPORT NOTE: This is not a mainstream ancient decoction herb. It is a modern toxic materia medica entry based on Atropa belladonna and should be understood as a standardized spasmolytic drug herb rather than a broadly applied classical tonic or exterior-releasing medicinal.
Modern Research
Active Compounds
- Atropine (tropane alkaloid) - classic anticholinergic marker responsible for secretion suppression, smooth-muscle relaxation, and much of the herb's toxicity profile
- L-hyoscyamine (tropane alkaloid) - major naturally occurring belladonna alkaloid with potent muscarinic-receptor antagonism
- Scopolamine or hyoscine (tropane alkaloid) - contributes central sedative, antiemetic, and antispasmodic effects alongside significant neurotoxicity risk
- Minor tropane alkaloids and related esters (alkaloid fraction) - contribute to the broader pharmacologic and toxic behavior of whole-herb extracts
Studied Effects
- Belladonna's therapeutic identity is now understood mainly through tropane-alkaloid pharmacology - reviews of the class summarize antiemetic, antispasmodic, bronchodilating, ophthalmic, and secretion-inhibiting effects for hyoscyamine- and scopolamine-rich plants such as Atropa belladonna (PMID 30813289)
- Whole-herb anticholinergic activity may exceed isolated-atropine expectations - a comparative study found belladonna tincture showed stronger biologic activity than its measured alkaloid content alone would predict (PMID 3247352)
- Toxicity remains a defining modern research theme - recent case literature continues to document delirium, mydriasis, tachycardia, and severe anticholinergic neurotoxicity after belladonna exposure (PMID 39364183)
- Lactation and secretion effects remain clinically relevant - LactMed notes belladonna alkaloids such as atropine and scopolamine can reduce milk production with prolonged use, reflecting the same secretion-suppressing pharmacology valued therapeutically (PMID 30000920)
PubMed References
Safety & Interactions
Contraindications
- Glaucoma
- Gastrointestinal obstruction, paralytic ileus, or severe constipation
- Urinary retention or obstructive uropathy
- Tachyarrhythmia and unstable heat-agitated presentations
Cautions
- Belladonna is a high-risk toxic herb containing potent tropane alkaloids; overdose can cause severe anticholinergic syndrome with dry mouth, mydriasis, delirium, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and hallucinations
- Children, frail older adults, and patients sensitive to anticholinergic drugs are at especially high risk from even modest dosing errors
- Traditional and modern sources both stress the need for manufactured, measured preparations rather than casual raw-herb use
- MSK page not found - drug interaction data not available from Memorial Sloan Kettering integrative medicine database