Carbonized Human Hair

Chinese
血余炭
Pinyin
Xue Yu Tan
Latin
Crinis Carbonisatus

TCM Properties

Taste
bitter, astringent
Temperature
neutral
Channels
Heart, Liver, Kidney, Stomach

Traditional Use

Primary Actions

  • Astringes leakage of blood and stops bleeding - used for epistaxis, uterine bleeding, postpartum bleeding, hemoptysis, hematemesis, blood in the stool, and other hemorrhagic presentations where a charcoal that stops bleeding without excessive cloying is desired.
  • Stops bleeding without strongly retaining stasis - classical sources emphasize that Xue Yu Tan checks hemorrhage yet still works well with stasis-resolving hemostatics when dark or congealed blood is present.
  • Promotes urination and treats Blood Lin - extended to hematuria and painful urinary bleeding patterns, especially when the bleeding must be restrained while the urinary pathway remains open.
  • Generates flesh and treats ulcerative lesions externally - powdered Xue Yu Tan is used on sores, wounds, and selected burns after ulceration when the goal is to stop oozing and support tissue recovery.

Secondary Actions

  • Although it is human-derived, Xue Yu Tan is classically treated as a standard hemostatic charcoal rather than as a tonic oddity; its preparation quality matters more than novelty.
  • It is commonly paired with Hua Rui Shi and San Qi for coughing or vomiting blood, or with cooling-blood hemostatics for bloody stool and lower-tract bleeding.

Classic Formulas

  • Hua Xue Dan (化血丹) - late classical formula pairing Xue Yu Tan with Hua Rui Shi and San Qi for coughing blood and related bleeding-with-stasis presentations.
  • San Hui San (三灰散) - TCM Wiki notes its use with Di Yu and Huai Hua for hematochezia or lower-tract bleeding associated with intestinal fire.
  • Topical Xue Yu Tan powder - traditional standalone use for gum bleeding, nosebleed, and small external bleeding sites that need quick local astringency.

Classical References

  • TCM Wiki describes Xue Yu Tan as bitter, astringent, and neutral, emphasizing that it stops bleeding while helping avoid residual stasis and can be used both internally and externally.
  • American Dragon places Xue Yu Tan in the hemostatic category, entering the Heart, Liver, Kidney, and sometimes Stomach channels, and specifically adds Blood Lin and flesh-generation to the profile.
  • Sacred Lotus lists Xue Yu Tan among the stop-bleeding medicinals, while Me & Qi's Hua Rui Shi pairing notes preserve its role as a supplementary blood-supportive hemostatic in Hua Xue Dan.

Modern Research

Active Compounds

  • Carbon dots and carbon nanoparticles derived from keratin-rich human-hair charcoal - the most studied modern fraction of Xue Yu Tan
  • Nitrogen-containing carbonaceous matrix - inherited from proteinaceous hair keratin and relevant to fluorescent nanomaterial behavior
  • Sulfur-containing surface groups - plausible residues from sulfur-bearing keratin decomposition during carbonization
  • Trace mineral ash and porous charcoal scaffold - part of the surface chemistry relevant to adsorption, hemostasis, and wound-dressing behavior

Studied Effects

  • A 2025 biomaterials study loaded Crinis Carbonisatus nanoparticles into injectable self-healing hydrogels and reported rapid hemostasis and wound-healing potential, directly matching one of the herb's oldest classical roles (PMID 40406826).
  • Carbon dots isolated from Crinis Carbonisatus showed neuroprotective effects in a cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model, extending modern interest beyond hemostasis into stroke-related experimental research (PMID 34454522).
  • Carbonized-human-hair-derived carbon dots were also used for sensitive clozapine detection, confirming that Xue Yu Tan can yield reproducible functional nanocarbon fractions even outside therapeutic applications (PMID 37148662).

PubMed References

Safety & Interactions

Contraindications

  • Weak digestive systems
  • Use of unscreened or non-medicinal human-derived material

Cautions

  • Because Xue Yu Tan is a human-derived material, sourcing, sterilization, and medicinal processing standards matter more than with ordinary plant charcoal herbs
  • Internal use is usually moderate in dose and often powdered; external application is common for small bleeding sites and ulcerative lesions
  • Some modern experimental claims extend far beyond the classical bleeding profile and should not be treated as established clinical indications
  • MSK page not found - drug interaction data not available from Memorial Sloan Kettering integrative medicine database

Conditions