Datura Flower

Chinese
洋金花
Pinyin
Yang Jin Hua
Latin
Flos Daturae

TCM Properties

Taste
acrid
Temperature
warm
Channels
Lung, Liver

Traditional Use

Primary Actions

  • Relieves cough and dyspnea - Yang Jin Hua is used for difficult cough and wheezing, especially when spasm and obstruction make breathing tight and hard to ease with gentler herbs.
  • Alleviates pain - it has a strong pain-relieving reputation for chest, abdominal, traumatic, and wind-damp pain and was historically valued for its numbing effect.
  • Stops spasm - traditional use extends to epilepsy, chronic convulsions, and muscular spasm patterns where a potent antispasmodic herb is required.

Secondary Actions

  • Yang Jin Hua is a toxic specialist herb used in extremely small doses, not an everyday respiratory or pain herb.
  • Traditional administration includes powder, smoking, and external use, which reflects its strong and fast-acting nature as much as its safety burden.

Classic Formulas

  • Zheng Gu Ma Yao Fang - a classic anesthetic and pain-relieving formula in which Yang Jin Hua is paired with strongly moving herbs for traumatic pain.
  • Powdered or smoked Yang Jin Hua for stubborn wheezing - traditional minute-dose use when other antitussives have failed to relax the bronchial spasm.
  • Yang Jin Hua with Tian Ma, Quan Xie, and Tian Nan Xing - a traditional spasm-stopping combination for convulsive disorders.

Classical References

  • Traditional texts describe Yang Jin Hua as acrid, warm, and toxic, entering the Lung and Liver to stop wheezing, relieve pain, and arrest spasm.
  • Its long history as an anesthetic-adjacent herb explains both its dramatic clinical reputation and the strict classical emphasis on tiny dosing.
  • Older cautions specifically warn against use in pregnancy, weakness, glaucoma, hypertension, tachycardia, and heat-phlegm cough patterns.

Modern Research

Active Compounds

  • Scopolamine - a major tropane alkaloid responsible for anticholinergic and antispasmodic effects
  • Atropine and hyoscyamine - toxic belladonna-type alkaloids central to the herb's safety profile
  • Withanolides - steroidal lactones studied for anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity
  • Sesquiterpenoids and other phenolic constituents - additional compounds investigated in Datura metel extracts

Studied Effects

  • Chemical investigation of Datura metel flowers identified multiple cytotoxic withanolides, showing that the flower is a pharmacologically rich but clearly high-risk plant material rather than a simple folk remedy (PMID 17583953).
  • Species-level studies continue to isolate anti-inflammatory withanolides and sesquiterpenoids from Datura metel, supporting mechanistic interest in the plant's spasm-relieving and inflammatory actions (PMID 31927334; PMID 32114039).
  • An experimental psoriasis study found Datura metel significantly inhibited inflammatory cytokine production through TLR7/8-MyD88-NF-kappaB-NLRP3 signaling, reinforcing the plant's strong biologic activity while not reducing its toxicity concerns (PMID 31181689).

PubMed References

Safety & Interactions

Contraindications

  • Pregnancy
  • Children
  • Glaucoma
  • Tachyarrhythmia or uncontrolled hypertension
  • Any unsupervised internal use

Cautions

  • Yang Jin Hua contains potent tropane alkaloids and can cause anticholinergic poisoning with delirium, dry mouth, dilated pupils, urinary retention, rapid pulse, hyperthermia, and dangerous neurologic symptoms.
  • Traditional use depends on extremely small doses, and overdose risk is substantial even when the herb is used with medicinal intent.
  • This herb should never be confused with a routine cough remedy or general pain herb.
  • MSK page not found - drug interaction data not available from Memorial Sloan Kettering integrative medicine database

Conditions