Globe Amaranth Flower

Chinese
千日红
Pinyin
Qian Ri Hong
Latin
Flos Gomphrenae

TCM Properties

Taste
sweet, slightly salty
Temperature
neutral
Channels
Liver, Lung

Traditional Use

Primary Actions

  • Relieves cough and wheezing - Qian Ri Hong is used for persistent cough, asthma-style shortness of breath, and whooping-cough patterns in folk and textbook tradition.
  • Clears Liver heat and benefits the eyes - traditional use includes red swollen painful eyes, eye irritation, and headache associated with rising heat.
  • Resolves toxicity - the flower and whole herb may be used internally or externally for sores, furuncles, and hot inflammatory lesions.

Secondary Actions

  • Qian Ri Hong is often used as a lighter adjunct herb or decocted tea rather than the central heavy hitter in a formula.
  • Its dual lung-and-eye reputation makes it distinctive among flower herbs, linking cough and red-eye heat presentations.

Classic Formulas

  • Qian Ri Hong with Sang Bai Pi and Pi Pa Ye - common folk pairing for cough, wheezing, and hot phlegm irritation.
  • Qian Ri Hong with Ju Hua and Xia Ku Cao - eye-heat combination for red painful eyes with headache or dizziness.
  • Topical washes or fresh-pounded applications - traditional method for sores, furuncles, and inflamed skin lesions.

Classical References

  • Traditional references describe Qian Ri Hong as sweet, slightly salty, and neutral, entering the Lung and Liver to stop cough, calm wheezing, clear Liver heat, and improve vision.
  • Its indications span whooping cough, chronic bronchitic cough, eye redness, headache, and toxic sores, though it is less famous than many standard textbook flower herbs.
  • Because it is relatively mild, it is often better as part of a formula than as a stand-alone solution for severe disease.

Modern Research

Active Compounds

  • Betacyanins such as gomphrenin and amaranthin derivatives - signature pigments of the flowers
  • Arabinoglucan and other polysaccharides - important in hepatoprotective and metabolic studies
  • Flavonoids and broader polyphenols - linked to antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
  • Coloring-extract fractions from the flowers - studied as food-active antimicrobial materials

Studied Effects

  • An active arabinoglucan from Gomphrena globosa protected against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis in experimental work, showing meaningful anti-inflammatory and liver-protective potential at the species level (PMID 39567112).
  • Gomphrena globosa extract reduced carbon-tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice by enhancing antioxidant signaling and autophagy, reinforcing the plant's broader anti-inflammatory profile (PMID 36308582).
  • Betacyanin-rich flower extracts showed enhanced antimicrobial and antifungal activity in modern testing, supporting the plant's traditional reputation for toxic sores and irritative lesions (PMID 30467561).

PubMed References

Safety & Interactions

Contraindications

  • Cough or wheezing from severe deficiency cold without heat or irritation
  • Eye complaints due purely to deficiency without redness, heat, or inflammation

Cautions

  • Qian Ri Hong is relatively mild and is better viewed as supportive rather than as a replacement for urgent care in significant asthma, eye infection, or respiratory distress.
  • Most modern evidence comes from species-level preclinical work rather than direct clinical trials of the TCM flower drug itself.
  • MSK page not found - drug interaction data not available from Memorial Sloan Kettering integrative medicine database

Conditions